Officers from the Environment Agency made enquiries on Thursday, April 30 following reports the previous day of suspicious activity at the derelict industrial site at Wingerworth.
They found around 100 tonnes of household waste had been deposited or buried on the site.
Follow up visits last week confirmed the activity had ceased and no further dumping had taken place.
The Environment Agency has worked with the landowner, who has now taken steps to secure the site by putting a rock barrier in place.
Ben Hocking, Environment Agency Area Environment manager said: “Our action at the site has disrupted further illegal waste activity.
“This situation really shines a light on the vital role the public plays in stopping waste criminals in their tracks.
“Communities are our partners in this - they act as our eyes and ears and reporting information to us as soon as possible means we can take swift action to intervene.
“Waste crime blights communities and we’re taking faster action to disrupt and prevent activity before it’s established.”
The Environment Agency is now carrying out a criminal investigation, working to track down hauliers involved in vehicle movements.
Waste Minister Mary Creagh said: "These waste cowboys are shameless but we have cracked down hard to stop further damage in Chesterfield.
"Our message is simple: break the rules and we will hunt you down.”
1. Illegal waste site
Officers from the Environment Agency made enquiries on Thursday, April 30 following reports the previous day of suspicious activity at the derelict industrial site at Wingerworth. Photo: The Environment Agency
2. 100 tonnes of household waste
Environment Agency officers found around 100 tonnes of household waste had been deposited or buried on the site. Photo: The Environment Agency