But despite its well-documented heritage there may be some aspects of town life past and present that have escaped your notice.
How many of these fascinating facts did you know? Can you add to our list?
5. Pomegranate Theatre
The theatre takes its name from a design on Chesterfield's coat of arms. The town adopted the pomegranate tree as a symbol of loyalty to the crown, as it had been a royal badge used by Katherine of Aragon, Henry VIII and Mary Tudor. Photo: JPIMedia
6. Markham & Co
Boring machines used in the constuction of the Channel Tunnel were designed and made at Markham and Co in Chesterfield. Pictured are technicians checking out part of a boring machine during the tunnel's construction in Sangatte in 1988. Photo: Getty Images/Boris Horvat/AFP
7. The Royal Oak
Chesterfield's eye-catching black and white timbered pub is the town's oldest inn and was reputed to be the resting place of the Knights Templar, a Catholic military order, who made their name during the Crusades in Jerusalem in the 12th century. Photo: Submitted
8. Policeman's hat
The black and white chequered band around police helmets and caps is accredited to Sir Percy Sillitoe, Chief Constable of Chesterfield from 1923 to 1925. Photo: Submitted