When it comes to British place names, Anglo-Saxon origins tend to dominate in the south and Scandinavian languages in the North, mixed in with Old British or Celtic terms for natural features such as hills and rivers. Derbyshire still shows the influence of all three factors in the names we find today.
Often towns and villages share common endings such as -tun (settlement), -ham (homestead), -feld (farmland), -by (village), -caester (Roman stronghold), -worthig (enclosure), -dun (hill), -halh (nook of land) – but these usually follow a first element which is much harder to define, especially when a personal name is concerned.
The famous Domesday Book – a land survey commissioned by William the Conqueror and completed in 1086 – shows Derbyshire names which have been modernised but otherwise changed very little in all that time.
To understand where they came from, we went looking in the Oxford Dictionary of British Place Names.

5. Dronfield
Known as Dranefeld in 1086, the name means: ‘Open land infested with drones’ - thought to refer to male bees. Photo: Steve Ellis

6. Buxton
Written as Buchestanesc around 1100, the most likely meaning lies in the river Wye and ‘the rocking stones or loganstones’. Photo: Jason Chadwick

7. Ripley
Noted as Ripelei in 1086, the name usually means: ‘strip-shaped woodland clearing’. Photo: Brian Eyre


